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【高校英語】過去問攻略!大学入試センター試験 vol.908
≪2018年第6問≫ 月・水・土発行 2020/7/22配信
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目次・・・■ 問題 ■ 全文訳 ■ 解答・解説 ■ 語句 ■ 解答一覧
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このメルマガでは、大学入試センター試験の問題を詳細に解説します。
今回取り上げる問題は、2018年英語第6問です。
■ 問題
第6問 次の文章を読み、下の問い(A・B)に答えよ。なお、文章の左にある
(1)~(6)はパラグラフ(段落)の番号を表している。
(1) History teaches us that technology and associated discoveries have
changed how we understand the world. Many technological devices provide
additional range and power to our natural capacities, such as our five
senses. Among these devices, many enable us to see things that we cannot
see with the naked eye. This change from invisible to visible has led to
tremendous growth in our comprehension of the world and has strongly
influenced our ways of thinking.
(2) In the 17th century, a scientist noticed that by holding two lenses
together in a certain way he could make an object appear larger. He used
this technique to construct the first simple telescope. Using these
[archaic] telescopes, early scientists were able to describe the surface
of the Moon in detail and to see that Jupiter had at least four such
satellites. Since that time, people have developed various devices that
expand our range of sight, thus revealing facts about the universe that
lies beyond the Earth. The telescope continues to offer us new views
concerning things beyond our immediate reach.
(3) Later, the microscope was developed using principles similar to the
telescope. The microscope allows us to study objects we normally cannot
see because they are too small. Looking through a microscope opened up an
entirely new world to scientists. Before the invention of the microscope,
they couldn't see the structures of human tissues or cells in plants and
animals. When they saw these things, they became aware that some things
that they had thought were whole and could not be divided, actually
consisted of smaller components. These were only visible with the
assistance of microscopes. Today, electron microscopes allow us to
investigate even smaller items, such as molecules. These advances have
altered our concepts regarding the composition of things in the world.
(4) The invention of the camera also made the invisible world visible. In
the world, everything is changing. Some things change faster than we can
see. The camera is a tool that gives us the power to freeze change at
different points in time. Series of pictures have revealed how birds move
in flight and athletes run. The camera can also help us see changes that
are so gradual that we usually don't notice them. For example, by
comparing photos of the same scene taken months or years apart, we can
gain insights into how societies change. There are many other ways besides
these in which the camera has changed our perceptions of the world.
(5) In the late 19th century, machines that used the newly discovered
X-rays revolutionized the way in which we looked at things. Rather than
seeing only the surface of an object, we gained the ability to look into
it or through it, bringing the inner elements of many things into our
range of view. This capability proved practical in the workplace, useful
in laboratories and museums, and instructive in universities. One of the
most important applications was in medicine. Doctors often had difficulty
diagnosing illnesses or finding problems inside the body. X-rays allowed
them to look into their patients, identify where there were problems, and
cure them. This use of X-rays brought new understandings and methods for
diagnosis and treatment.
(6) Different technological devices have made it possible to observe things
that we could not see with the naked eye. This has significantly altered
our understandings of the world around us. Each technological advance
changes us in unpredictable ways, and each discovery increases our
knowledge about the world. Just as the devices mentioned above have done,
new devices will continue to impact our lives and change our ways of
thinking in the future.
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