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【高校英語】共通テストの英文解釈 vol.1068
≪2013年英語第4問A≫ 月・水・土発行 2021/7/31配信
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今回取り上げる問題は、2013年大学入試センター試験英語第4問Aです。
■ 問題
第4問 次の問い(A・B)に答えよ。
A 次の文章を表を読み、下の問い(問1~3)に対する答えとして[ 35 ]~[ 37 ]
に入れるのに最も適当なものを、それぞれ下の{1}~{4}のうちから一つずつ選べ。
The World Health Organization (WHO) has published a report on the
availability and distribution of human health resources around the world.
The World Health Report 2006 analyzes factors affecting countries' health
care environments. The data collected reveal a range of situations and
have helped WHO propose a long-term action plan for improving health care
offered in every country.
One of the key factors contributing to a country's health care conditions
is its numbers of health care workers. The report estimates the shortage
of these professionals at an alarming 4.3 million worldwide. It further
points out that the shortage is most severe in the poorest nations,
especially those located south of the Sahara Desert which are faced with
high rate of disease. As Table 1 shows, Senegal and Ghana, for example,
have very low numbers of doctors and nurses per 10,000 people.
Surprisingly, perhaps, countries such as Russia and Cuba actually have
higher proportions of medical professionals than some richer countries.
The systems for qualifying health care workers do differ from country to
country. Still these two countries clearly give priority to ensuring that
there are sufficient numbers of professionals.
Another important factor is a country's health care spending, shown in
Table 1 as a percentage of its gross domestic product (GDP), or the total
value of all its goods and services. Despite their lower proportions of
doctors, countries such as the USA, Sweden, and France spend much more on
health care, both as a percentage of GDP and as an actual amount, than
Russia and Cuba.
With these factors and other conditions in mind, WHO has proposed
solutions to the global shortage of health care workers. Areas of
particular concern include war-torn countries such as Somalia and
Afghanistan. Countries and organizations have provided financial aid in
the past. Because money donated has not always led to more spending in
health care, however, the report recommends a 10-year plan to help
countries build sustainable training systems. International cooperation is
vital to WHO's proposal; countries at risk must be able to rely on the
support of various global partners. Japan, the UK, and other countries are
expected to give assistance including medical knowledge. Perhaps WHO's
vision of "universal access to health care" can become a reality.
Table 1
Health Care Indicators by Country
http://www.a-ema.com/img/center2013eng4a.png
問1 Which of the following combinations represents the three countries
(A), (B), and (C) in Table 1? [ 35 ]
{1} (A) Ghana (B) Somalia (C) Russia
{2} (A) Ghana (B) the USA (C) Russia
{3} (A) Russia (B) Somalia (C) the USA
{4} (A) Russia (B) the USA (C) Ghana
問2 According to the report, which two aspects influence a country's
health care situation most? [ 36 ]
{1} Sustainable training systems and health care spending.
{2} Sustainable training systems and money donated.
{3} The numbers of health care workers and health care spending.
{4} The numbers of health care workers and money donated.
問3 Which of the following statements is NOT true? [ 37 ]
{1} The lack of health care workers worldwide is reported to be around 4.3
million.
{2} The proportion of doctors and nurses in higher in Sweden than in Japan.
{3} WHO's report includes an action plan to help countries with poor
health care systems.
{4} WHO's report proposes sending more doctors and nurses to poor
countries.
※マーク部分の□は[ ]で、マル1は{1}で表記しています。
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