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【高校英語】共通テストの英文解釈 vol.1077
≪2012年第6問≫ 月・水・土発行 2021/8/21 配信
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今回取り上げる問題は、2012年大学入試センター試験英語第6問です。
■ 問題
第6問 次の文章を読み、下の問い(A・B)に答えよ。なお、文章の左にある
(1)~(6)は段落の番号を表している。
(1) A high school student has a science test on Monday but spends most of
the weekend playing video games and does not start studying until late
Sunday night. This kind of avoiding or delaying of work that needs to be
done is called procrastination. It has been estimated that up to 95% of
people procrastinate at least sometimes, and about 20% of them do it too
much. Traditionally, people who procrastinate have been considered lazy,
but research tells us that this is not true. Learning about the roots of
procrastination can help us understand why most people do it some extent
and also help us decrease our own procrastination. Although researchers do
not agree on all the reasons behind procrastination, there is general
agreement about some factors that can explain it.
(2) The first factor is how pleasant or unpleasant people find a task.
Research shows that people will put off tasks they find unpleasant. Many
high school students may delay cleaning their rooms or doing their
homework. However, many might not delay doing such tasks as responding to
friend's email. It is important to remember that whether or not a task is
pleasant depends on the individual. For example, someone who loves
bicycles might not delay fixing a punctured tire while someone who does
not may put if off.
(3) In addition to how people feel about the job at hand, the amount of
confidence they have in their ability to do a task is also related to
procrastination. For instance, those who have low expectations of success
are more likely to postpone starting a particular job. Conversely, those
who believe that they can perform well are more likely to take on
challenging tasks rather than avoid them. It should be noted, though, that
some counselors argue that too much confidence can also lead to
procrastination; some people overestimate how easily they can do a
particular task and start too late.
(4) Another factor is whether or not people can exercise self-control.
Those who have less self-control can easily be drawn away from their work.
Accepting an invitation to sing karaoke on a night when you planned to
start working on a presentation could be one example. Self-control, or
the ability to resist temptation and stick to a plan, is something many of
us struggle with. Interestingly, age is said to be associated with
self-control. Research shows that the older people become, the less likely
they are to delay doing their work until the last minute.
(5) Lastly, there is a link between procrastination and how long people
must wait before they see the reward for an effort. For instance, studying
hard in school might not give high school students any immediate rewards;
what they learn might not seem useful to the present. However, studying
can provide them with rewards in the future like the knowledge or skills
necessary to pursue their dreams. Sometimes, it is hard to see the benefit
of making an effort when the reward is too far away. This can explain why
many people do not start saving money for their old age when they are young.
(6) What are the roots of your procrastination? Because the behaviors
described here seem common to most people, you do not need to completely
change your habits if you only procrastinate once in a while. On the other
hand, if you feel that your procrastination is a problem, the first step
to reducing it is identifying the reasons behind it. Self-help books and
websites give numerous techniques for overcoming procrastination, but it
is only by understanding the roots of the problem that you can choose the
appropriate method for yourself.
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