【高校英語】共通テストの英文解釈 vol.1164≪2022年共通テスト第5問≫第３段落

□--■--□--■--□--■--□--------------------------------------------◆ 　　　【高校英語】共通テストの英文解釈 vol.1164 　　　　　　　≪2022年共通テスト第5問≫　　　2022/3/12配信 ◆----------------------------------------□--■--□--■--□--■--□--■ 目次・・・■　問題　■　全文訳　■　解答・解説　■　語句　■　解答一覧 ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 今回は2022年共通テスト第5問を解説します。 ■　問題 第５問 　In your English class, you will give a presentation about a great inventor. You found the following article and prepared notes for your presentation. ┌―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――┐ ｜　Who invented television? It is not an easy question to answer. In 　｜ ｜the early years of the 20th century, there was something called a 　　｜ ｜mechanical television system, but it was not a success. Inventors were｜ ｜also competing to develop an electronic television system, which later｜ ｜became the basis of what we have today. In the US, there was a battle ｜ ｜over the patent for the electronic television system, which attracted ｜ ｜people's attention because it was between a young man and a giant 　　｜ ｜corporation. This patent would give the inventor the official right to｜ ｜be the only person to develop, use, or sell the system.　　　　　　　 ｜ ｜　Philo Taylor Farnsworth was born in a log cabin in Utah in 1906. His｜ ｜family did not have electricity until he was 12 years old, and he was ｜ ｜excited to find a generator--a machine that produces electricity--when｜ ｜they moved into a new home. He was very interested in mechanical and　｜ ｜electrical technology, reading any information he could find on the 　｜ ｜subject. He would often repair the old generator and even changed his ｜ ｜mother's hand-powered washing machine into an electricity-powered one.｜ ｜　One day, while working in his father's potato field, he looked　　　｜ ｜behind him and saw all the straight parallel rows of soil that he had ｜ ｜made. Suddenly, it occurred to him that it might be possible to create｜ ｜an electronic image on a screen using parallel lines, just like the 　｜ ｜rows in the field. In 1922, during the spring semester of his first 　｜ ｜year at high school, he presented this idea to his chemistry teacher, ｜ ｜Justin Tolman, and asked for advice about his concept of an electronic｜ ｜television system. With sketches and diagrams on blackboards, he　　　｜ ｜showed the teacher how it might be accomplished, and Tolman encouraged｜ ｜him to develop his ideas.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ｜ ｜　On September 7, 1927, Farnsworth succeeded in sending his first 　　｜ ｜electronic image. In the following years, he further improved the 　　｜ ｜system so that it could successfully broadcast live images. The US　　｜ ｜government gave him a patent for this system in 1930.　　　　　　　　 ｜ ｜　However, Farnsworth was not the only one working on such a system. A｜ ｜giant company, RCA(Radio Corporation of America), also saw a bright 　｜ ｜future for television and did not want to miss the opportunity. They　｜ ｜recruited Vladimir Zworykin, who had already worked on an electronic　｜ ｜television system and had earned a patent as early as 1923. Yet, in 　｜ ｜1931, they offered Farnsworth a large sum of money to sell them his 　｜ ｜patent as his system was superior to that of Zworykin's. He refused 　｜ ｜this offer, which started a patent war between Farnsworth and RCA.　　｜ ｜　The company took legal action against Farnsworth, claiming that 　　｜ ｜Zworykin's 1923 patent had priority even though he had never made a 　｜ ｜working version of his system. Farnsworth lost the first two rounds of｜ ｜the court case. However, in the final round, the teacher who had　　　｜ ｜copied Farnsworth's blackboard drawings gave evidence that Farnsworth ｜ ｜did have the idea of an electronic television system at least a year　｜ ｜before Zworykin's patent was issued. In 1934, a judge approved　　　　｜ ｜Farnsworth's patent claim on the strength of handwritten notes made by｜ ｜his old high school teacher Tolman.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ｜ ｜　Farnsworth died in 1971 at the age of 64. He held about 300 US and　｜ ｜foreign patents, mostly in radio and television, and in 1999, TIME　　｜ ｜magazine included Farnsworth in Time 100: The Most Important People of｜ ｜the Century. In an interview after his death, Farnsworth's wife Pem 　｜ ｜recalled Neil Armstrong's moon landing being broadcast. Watching the　｜ ｜television with her, Farnsworth had said, "Pem, this has made it all　｜ ｜worthwhile." His story will always be tied to his teenage dream of　　｜ ｜sending moving pictures through the air and those blackboard drawings ｜ ｜at his high school.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ｜ └―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――┘ 問いは次回以降に掲載します。 ※一部記号は省略、マーク部分の□や下線部は[ ]、マル１は{1}で表記しています。